Sekuyiminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu, ukushisela kube ngomunye wemisisekelo yokukhiqiza izimboni. Kusukela ekwakheni imikhumbi nasekukhiqizweni kwezimoto kuya kubunjiniyela bezindiza kanye nokwakhiwa kwensimbi engagqwali, imboni yesimanje incike emithungweni yokushisela eqinile nethembekile.

Kodwa kunenkinga efihliwe izimboni eziningi ezisayithatha kalula:

Ukushisela kuhle kuphela ngokuhlanzeka kwendawo yayo.

Ngemva kokushisela, izendlalelo ze-oxide, umbala wokushisa, i-slag, i-oyela residue, ukungcola kwentuthu, kanye namamaki okusha kuhlala kuzungeze umthungo wokushisela. Lokhu kungcola akugcini nje ngokuthinta ukubukeka - kuthinta ngqo ukumelana nokugqwala, ukunamathela kwe-coating, ukuthembeka kwesakhiwo, kanye nesikhathi sokuphila komkhiqizo.

Izindlela zokuhlanza zendabuko ezifana nokugaya, ukugaya ngamakhemikhali, ukuxubha ngocingo, kanye nokuqhuma kwesihlabathi ziya ngokuya ziba nzima ukuhlangabezana nezindinganiso zokukhiqiza zesimanje.

Yingakhoimishini yokuhlanza nge-laserngokushesha ziba ngolunye lobuchwepheshe obubaluleke kakhulu ekuphathweni komthungo wokushisela wezimboni.

Kungani Ukuhlanza Umthungo We-Weld Kubalulekile Kunanini Ngaphambili

Ukukhiqiza kwanamuhla kuguqukela ku:

• Ukunemba okuphezulu
• Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi okuqinile
• Ubuhle obungcono
• Umthelela ophansi kwezemvelo
• Ukukhiqizwa okuzenzakalelayo

Kulesi simo, ukungcoliswa komthungo we-weld kuba yimbangela enkulu yezinkinga zezimboni.

Ngemva kokushisela, amaphutha avamile afaka:

• Umbala wokushisa
• Ama-oxide amnyama
• Izinsalela ze-slag
• Ukushintsha kombala womphezulu
• Ukungcoliswa kwekhabhoni
• I-Spatter
• Izindawo zokuqala ukugqwala

Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi le mikhiqizo engaphansi kwayo inganciphisa ukumelana nokugqwala futhi ithinte kabi ukusebenza kokumboza.

Ku-welding yensimbi engagqwali ikakhulukazi, ukushintsha kombala we-oxide endaweni yokushisela kungabhubhisa ungqimba lokuvikela i-chromium oxide, okwandisa ingozi yokugqwala.

Yingakho izimboni ezifana nalezi:

• Imishini yokudla
• Ukukhiqizwa kwezokwelapha
• Izimoto
• Izindiza
• Amandla
• Ukwenziwa okunembile

manje phatha ukuhlanzwa kwe-weld njengenqubo ebalulekile yokukhiqiza esikhundleni sesinyathelo sobuhle.

Inkinga Ngokuhlanzwa Kwe-Weld Yendabuko

Sekungamashumi eminyaka amafektri ethembele ku:

• Amasondo okugaya
• I-pickling paste
• Ukuqhuma okunamandla
• Ukupholisha ngesandla
• Ukuhlanza i-asidi yamakhemikhali

Lezi zindlela zisekhona, kodwa zidala izinkinga ezikhulayo.

Ukuhlanza Okugayiwe Nokuhluza

Ukugaya kususa ukungcola ngenkani.

Inkinga?
Iphinde isuse ingxenye yensimbi eyisisekelo.

Lokhu kungenza:

• Ukuqeda komonakalo ebusweni
• Shintsha ubukhulu
• Nciphisa indawo yokushisela
• Khulisa isikhathi somsebenzi
• Dala imiphumela engaguquki

Ukukhetha Amakhemikhali

Ukuhlanza ngamakhemikhali kuyasebenza, kodwa kuyaphikiswana ngakho.

Ukuqoqa i-asidi kudala:

• Imfucuza eyingozi
• Intuthu enobuthi
• Izindleko zokuthobela imithetho yemvelo
• Ukukhathazeka ngokuphepha kwabasebenzi

Izimboni eziningi manje zizama ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali ngenxa yemithetho eqinile yezemvelo emhlabeni jikelele.

Ukuqhuma kwesanti

Ukuqhumisa isihlabathi kuyashesha, kodwa kuvame ukuba namandla kakhulu kuma-welds anembile.

Izinkinga zifaka:

• Ukulungisa ubuso
• Ukungcoliswa kothuli
• Izindleko ezisetshenziswayo
• Ukungcola kwabezindaba
• Ukunakekelwa ngokweqile

Abakhiqizi banamuhla bafuna izinqubo ezihlanzekile nezilawuleka kakhudlwana.

Ukuhlanzwa nge-laser kuhambisana kahle naleso sidingo.

Indlela Imishini Yokuhlanza Nge-Laser Ehlanza Ngayo Izithungo Zokushisela

Umshini wokuhlanza nge-laser usebenzisa umsebe we-laser we-fiber ohlanganisiwe ukususa ukungcola endaweni yokushisela.

Le nqubo iyasebenza ngoba izinto ezingcolisayo zimunca amandla e-laser ngendlela ehlukile kune-substrate yensimbi.

Njengoba i-laser iskena phezu komthungo wokushisela:

• Ama-oxide ayahwamuka
• Umbala wokushisa uyanyamalala
• Ukususwa kwezinsalela zomhlaba
• Insimbi eyisisekelo ayithinteki kakhulu

Ngokungafani nokugaya noma ukuqhuma:

• Akukho ukuthintana ngokomzimba okwenzekayo
• Awekho amakhemikhali adingekayo
• Akukho midiya ehlukumezayo esetshenziswayo

Lokhu kuvumela ukulawulwa kokuhlanza okunembile kakhulu.

Ucwaningo mayelana nokususwa kwe-laser oxide luqinisekisa ukuthi izinhlelo ze-laser zingasusa i-weld oxidation ngenkathi zilondoloza ubuqotho bezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nobuhle bazo.

Inzuzo Yangempela Yezimboni: Ukunemba Ngaphandle Kokulimala

Isizathu esikhulu esenza amafektri asebenzise ukuhlanza nge-laser weld akusikho isivinini sodwa.

Kuwukulawula.

Izindlela zokuhlanza zendabuko ziyabhubhisa ngokwemvelo.

Ukuhlanza nge-laser kuyakhetha.

Lowo mehluko ushintsha ezomnotho zokukhiqiza zanamuhla.

Ukuhlanza nge-laser kungenza:

• Gcina i-geometry yokushisela
• Vikela amashidi ensimbi amancane
• Gcina ukuqeda kobuso
• Gwema ukungcola kwesibili
• Thuthukisa ukuphindaphindeka

Ochwepheshe abaningi bokushisela abahlola kuqala ukuhlanza nge-laser bayamangala ukuthi inqubo izwakala ilawulwa kangakanani uma kuqhathaniswa nokugaya noma ukuqhumisa. Abanye abasebenzisi babika ukuthi insimbi eyisisekelo ihlala ingashintshi futhi ibukhali ngisho nangemva kokususwa kwe-oxidation.

Ezimbonini lapho ukubukeka kubaluleke khona — ikakhulukazi ukwenziwa kwensimbi engagqwali — lokhu kunemba kuba yigugu kakhulu.

Kungani Ukuhlanza Nge-Laser Kuthuthukisa Ikhwalithi Yokushisela

Imboni yokushisela isiqala ukubona into ebalulekile:

Ukuhlanza akuhlukile ekhwalithini yokushisela.

Kuyingxenye yekhwalithi yokushisela.

Ukungcoliswa kwendawo ngaphambi noma ngemva kokushisela kungadala:

• Ukubhoboka kwe-Porosity
• Ukuhlanganiswa okubuthakathaka
• Okufakiwe
• Izinkinga zokugqwala
• Ukwehluleka kokunamathela ngopende

Iziqondiso zokushisela imboni zigcizelela ukuthi ama-oxide kanye nokungcola kuphazamisa ukumuncwa kwamandla e-laser futhi kungenza buthaka ubuqotho bokushisela.

Ngisho nonjiniyela abaxoxa ngamaphutha okushisela ku-inthanethi bachaza ukuthi izendlalelo ze-oxide zingaba yizinto ezifaka noma ezikhuphula ukucindezeleka ngaphakathi kokushisela.

Ukuhlanzwa nge-laser kusiza ukuxazulula lezi zinkinga ngokudala:

• Izixhumi ze-weld ezihlanzekile
• Ukuvumelana okungcono kobuso
• Ukuthuthukiswa kokungabi nandaba
• Ukunamathela okuqinile kwengubo

Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu emigqeni yokushisela yamarobhothi ezenzakalelayo lapho ukuphindaphindeka kubalulekile khona.

Izicelo Ezinkulu Zokuhlanza Umthungo We-Laser Weld

1. Ukuhlanza Ukushintshwa Kwensimbi Engagqwali

Lokhu kungenye yezinhlelo zokusebenza zokuhlanza nge-laser ezikhula ngokushesha kakhulu okwamanje.

Ngemva kokushisela, insimbi engagqwali iyathuthuka:

• Ukushintsha kombala wothingo
• Ama-oxide amnyama
• Umbala wokushisa

Lezi zendlalelo zinciphisa ukumelana nokugqwala futhi zilimaze ukubukeka komkhiqizo.

Ukuhlanzwa nge-laser kususa i-oxidation ngokushesha ngaphandle kokupholisha ngokweqile.

Izimboni ezisebenzisa le nqubo zifaka:

• Imishini yezinga lokudla
• Izinto zasekhishini
• Amadivayisi ezokwelapha
• Ukwenziwa kwensimbi yokuhlobisa

2. Ukulungiselela Ubuso Ngaphambi Kokushintshwa

Ukuhlanza nge-laser kusetshenziswa kakhulu ngaphambi kokushisela.

Kungani?

Ngoba izindawo ezihlanzekile zikhiqiza:

• Ukungena okungcono
• Amachibi okushisela azinzile kakhudlwana
• Amaphutha ambalwa
• Ukuncipha kwe-porosity

Izifundo zokuhlanza nge-laser yezimboni zibonisa ukuthi ukususa amafilimu e-oxide kanye nokungcola ngaphambi kokushisela kuthuthukisa ukuqina kokushisela.

3. Imigqa Yokukhiqiza Amarobhothi

Ukuzenzakalelayo kungenye yezindlela ezinkulu zokukhiqiza.

Ukuhlanza nge-laser kuhlanganisa ngokwemvelo:

• Amaseli okushisela e-robotic
• Izinhlelo zokukhiqiza eziku-inthanethi
• Izimboni ezihlakaniphile
• Ukukhiqiza kwe-Industry 4.0

Ngokungafani nokugaya ngesandla, ukuhlanza nge-laser kungahlelwa ngemingcele ephindaphindwayo kakhulu.

Abanye abakhiqizi sebevele bashintshe izithiyo zokuhlanza zendabuko zokushisa ngezinhlelo ze-laser ezizenzakalelayo.

4. Ukuhlanza Ukushintshwa Kwe-Aluminium

Kunzima kakhulu ukususa izendlalelo ze-aluminium oxide kusetshenziswa izindlela zendabuko.

Ngenxa yokuthi i-aluminium oxide iyancibilika ekushiseni okuphezulu kakhulu kune-aluminium uqobo, ukungcola kungadala izinkinga ezinkulu zokushisela.

Ukuhlanza nge-laser kunikeza indlela elawulwayo yokulungisa izindawo ze-aluminium ngaphambi kokushisela.

Ukuhlanza Okucindezelwe vs Okuqhubekayo Nge-Laser Kwezithungo Zokushisela

Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuhlanza nge-laser emakethe.

Ukuhlanzwa Nge-Laser Eshukunyiswayo

Kuhle kakhulu ku:

• Ukuhlanzwa kokushiselwa okunembile
• Insimbi engagqwali
• Izinsimbi ezincane
• Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisezingeni eliphezulu

Izinzuzo:

• Ukufakwa kokushisa okuphansi
• Ukulawula okungcono
• Umthelela omncane we-substrate

Ukuhlanzwa Kwe-Laser Okuqhubekayo Kwamagagasi (CW)

Kuhle kakhulu ku:

• Ukushiswa okukhulu kwe-oxidation
• Izindawo ezinkulu zokushisela
• Ukugcinwa kwezimboni
• Ukungcola okukhulu

Izinzuzo:

• Isivinini sokuhlanza esisheshayo
• Amandla okuhlanza aqinile
• Izindleko zemishini eziphansi

Imakethe iya ngokuya ishintshela ezinhlelweni ezisebenzisa i-pulsed zezinhlelo zokusebenza zomthungo we-weld ezibiza kakhulu.

Ushintsho Olufihliwe Olwenzeka Embonini

Iningi labantu lisacabanga ukuthi ukuhlanza nge-laser kumayelana nokufaka esikhundleni se-sandblasting.

Lokho ukucabanga okuphelelwe yisikhathi.

Ushintsho lwangempela luthi:

ukukhiqiza kushintshela ekuhlanzeni okunzima kuya ekulawuleni indawo ngobunjiniyela.

Izimboni zesikhathi esizayo ziyakhathalela:

• Ukunemba kwezinga le-micron
• Ukuphindaphindeka komphezulu
• Ukuhlolwa okuzenzakalelayo
• Ukuhlanganiswa kokukhiqiza okuhlakaniphile
• Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi okubikezelayo

Ukuhlanzwa nge-laser kuhambisana kahle nalolu shintsho.

Ucwaningo seluvele luhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe be-laser nokuhlolwa komthungo we-weld oqhutshwa yi-AI kanye nezinhlelo ze-Industry 4.0.

Lokhu akuseyona nje indlela yokuhlanza.
Sekuba yingxenye yengqalasizinda yokukhiqiza ehlakaniphile.

Izinselele Zokuhlanza Nge-Laser Weld

Ukuhlanzwa nge-laser kunamandla, kodwa ukulawula amapharamitha kubalulekile.

Izilungiselelo ezingalungile zingabangela:

• Ukushintsha kombala womphezulu
• Ukushisa ngokweqile
• Izinguquko zesimo esincane
• Ukuhlanza okungaguquguquki

Abasebenzisi bangempela bavame ukuqaphela ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwezilungiselelo ezifanele kubalulekile ukuze kube nemiphumela emihle.

Yingakho:

• Ikhwalithi yokukhanya
• Imvamisa yokushaya kwenhliziyo
• Isivinini sokuskena
• Izinhlelo zokupholisa
• Ukuqeqeshwa komqhubi

bonke badlala indima enkulu.

Imboni yokuhlanza nge-laser ishintsha isuka ekubeni “umncintiswano onamandla amakhulu” iye “ekuncintisaneni kokuqina kwenqubo.”

Ingabe Ukuhlanza Umthungo We-Laser Weld Kuyakufanelekela?

Ekwenzeni izimboni zesimanje, kuya ngokuya kunjalo.

Ikakhulukazi ezinkampanini ezibhekene nalokhu:

• Ukushisela insimbi engagqwali
• Ukwenziwa okunembile
• Ukukhiqizwa kokudla okusezingeni eliphezulu
• Izingxenye zezindiza
• Izingxenye zezimoto
• Imigqa yokushisela ezenzakalelayo

Ukuhlanza nge-laser kunganciphisa:

• Izindleko zabasebenzi
• Ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali
• Izindleko ezisetshenziswayo
• Isikhathi sokuphumula
• Umonakalo womphezulu

Okubaluleke kakhulu, kudala okuthile okubaluleke kakhulu ezimbonini zanamuhla:

ikhwalithi ephindaphindwayo.

Imicabango Yokugcina

Imishini yokuhlanza nge-laser ishintsha ukwelashwa komthungo wokushisela kuwo wonke amabhizinisi okukhiqiza emhlabeni jikelele.

Imodeli endala yokugaya, ukuhlanza ngama-asidi, kanye nokuhlanzwa okunolaka kancane kancane ithatha indawo yezinqubo ezihlanzekile, ezihlakaniphile, nezinembe kakhulu ezisekelwe ku-laser.

Lolu shintsho alugcini nje ngokubukeka.

Kumayelana nalokhu:

• ukumelana nokugqwala
• ubuqotho bokushisela
• ukuzenzekela
• ukuthobela imithetho yezemvelo
• ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza

Esikhathini esizayo, amafektri angase angabe esabuza:

"Ingabe kufanele sisebenzise ukuhlanza nge-laser?"

Kunalokho, umbuzo wangempela uzoba:

"Abakhiqizi bafike kanjani eqophelweni lokushisela elihambisanayo ngaphandle kwalo?"